![]() ![]() ![]() These differences are the same as the differences among many of the world's dialects. These non-standard dialects are just as linguistically sophisticated as the standard dialect, and judgments to the inferiority of them are based on social or racist judgments.Īfrican-American English contains many regular differences of the standard dialect. A non-standard dialect is associated with covert prestige and is an ethnic or regional dialect of a language. Overt prestige refers to this dominant dialect. On the other hand, Mandarin and Cantonese are mutually unintelligible languages when spoken, yet the writing systems are the same.Ī dialect is considered standard if it is used by the upper class, political leaders, in literature and is taught in schools as the correct form of the language. Hindi and Urdu are considered mutually intelligible languages when spoken, yet the writing systems are different. Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish are all considered separate languages because of regular differences in grammar and the countries in which they are spoken, yet Swedes, Norwegians, and Danes can all understand one another to a large extent. Geographical regions are also considered when dialects become languages. The dialects of a single language are mutually intelligible, but when the speakers can no longer understand each other, the dialects become languages. Therefore, Artistes who seek commercial success and popularity use code-switching as a stylistic innovation in their songs lyrics.Sociolinguistics refers to the way language is used in society. A dialect is a variety of language that is systematically different from other varieties of the same language. It bridges the gap between the literate and the illiterate in the country, and its use allows easy communication. In Nigeria, pidgin cuts across tribes, background and culture. In this study, Pidgin is also seen as a local language in this context. Considering Nigerian setting, code-switching involves English and one (or more) of the three major languages in Nigeria, which are Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo but Yoruba appears to be the most frequently used among the Nigerian languages and indeed, the titles of some songs attest to this fact. This process can be described as code-switching in songs. Many of these artistes import linguistic features of other language(s) into the lyrics and uses English as the base of their song since English is the official language in Nigeria. Over the years, Nigerian artistes made use of a combination of English and one or more indigenous languages in the composition of their song lyrics. Code-switching is a more deliberate style used by the artistes who would have packaged, edited and reflected upon their choices and selection of the linguistic features of the language to be used in the lyrics of the song before its release. Code-switching in song lyrics is by no means a recent phenomenon, motivated by the expansion of mass media that provides unprecedented opportunities for people all over the world to be exposed to music originating in cultures other than their own (Davies and Bentahila, 2006: 368). But Code-switching as seen in conversation is quite different from that in song lyrics. ![]() This article mainly focuses on the definition of code switching, the reasons for using code switching, the types of code switching and their definitions, and examples and suggestions for teachers using code switching to teach a foreign or second language.ĪBSTRACT Some scholars observe that code-switching is a rule-governed variety used by members in accordance with certain norms, and often functions as a powerful in-group identity marker (Jacobson, 1977, 1998 Myers-Scotton, 1993). It is a natural process that often occurs between multilingual speakers who share two or more languages in common. It refers to the use of two languages within a sentence or discourse. One of these phenomena is "code switching" which we can observe mostly in second or foreign language classrooms. Bilingual communities use certain phenomena to make communication more effective and meaningful. The social aspect of language is studied by sociolinguistics, a subdivision of linguistics which studies social factors. Language has a social feature, which means that it is used by the members of society. Cultural influences are also reflected in our language and similarly influence how we conceptualize who we are and where we come from. Our use of language can influence our self-concept and identity. The ability to communicate our thoughts, emotions, and opinions to others is truly a remarkable ability. ![]()
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